Automobiles are a key aspect of modern life. More than a century after Karl Benz invented the first automobile, cars have become a symbol of freedom and modernity. They have transformed the economy and society in countless ways, from how people work and play to how we travel.
The automotive industry is one of the most important sectors of global manufacturing. It accounts for more than 70 percent of the world’s annual vehicle production, with more than 73 million new cars sold in 2017. Known by its common name, the car (or motorcar), is an automotive transportation device that uses four wheels to propel itself forward, usually powered by a gasoline-fueled engine.
Developed in the late 19th century, automobiles have become an essential part of global life and culture. They are a vital mode of transport for most citizens, and are used by millions of people every day. Their invention has had a major impact on many areas of human activity, including economics, social life, and the environment.
Before the automobile, transportation was mostly done by horse-drawn carriages. There were also steam-powered road vehicles, but they were not as popular. Karl Benz, a German engineer, is credited with creating the first automobile in 1885. He was followed by a businessman named Henry Ford, who revolutionized the way automobiles are made. Ford’s assembly line made it possible to produce automobiles in mass quantities, enabling them to be affordable for more people.
The automobile had many pros and cons. It brought new jobs, like those related to the manufacture of fuel, rubber and plastics and it led to improved roads and better public transportation. It also brought new industries and services, such as gas stations, convenience stores and restaurants. However, automobiles also caused harm to the environment through pollution and required new laws, such as seatbelts, highway rules and drivers’ licenses.
A basic design of the car is a chassis that supports the suspension and the engine. The engine is powered by multiple cylinders that create a power from air and fuel combustion, which turns the crankshaft to drive the wheels. A camshaft coordinates the flow of air into the cylinders, and an ignition system provides sparks to initiate the combustion.
The exterior of the car can be designed in a variety of styles, colors and materials. It can have a sleek, aerodynamic shape or a classic, luxurious look. The interior of the vehicle is designed to be comfortable and practical, with cushioned seats and clear visibility through windows. Safety features include seatbelts and airbags. Some modern cars are designed with all-aluminium bodies, where the pillars and structures are crafted from lightweight materials. Some cars are equipped with electric drives, which offer faster acceleration and lower emissions than traditional engines. Other modern features include a navigation system and self-driving capabilities.
